| Doubling consonants only for verbs which | Else | |||
| end
in exactly one vowel followed by exactly one consonant AND the final consonant is NOT -w, -x, -y |
end in "-l" after exactly one vowel | No doubling | ||
| only 1 syllable | > 1 syllable AND the final syllable is stressed |
exceptions that have > 1 syllable where the final syllable is unstressed |
||
| stop - stopping | re|gret - regretting | quarrel - quarrelling | ||
| clap, fit, run, trap, swim, | admit, begin, forget, occur, refer | worship, kidnap, handicap | control, fulfil not am.: cancel, travel, signal |
sweep warn li|mit (stress) steal |
| Ending | -e | -y | -y | -ie | -c |
| Rule | Drop the "-e" before the ending "-ing"! | Final "-y" after a consonant changes to "-i" before "-ed". | Final "-y" after a vowel does not normally change to "-i" before "-ed". | The ending "-ie" changes to "-y" before "-ing". | Usually add "-k" before "-ed" or "-ing"! |
| e.g. | sneeze - sneezing | try - tried | enjoy
- enjoyed,
play - played |
lie - lying,
die - dying |
panic - panicked, picnic - picnicking |
| Excep- tions |
age - ageing,
dye - dyeing |
pay
- paid, lay - laid, say - said |